Chapter 8.

Islamic Science and Cosmology

8.1. Transmission of Greek Science to Western Europe

• Vehicles for transmission
  • Spread of Islamic culture by warfare through eastern Mediterranean world, through North Africa, in to southern Europe (Spain, Sicily, Italy)
  • Increased trade and commerce within western Europe, and between western Europe and Islamic world
• Translations of original Greek texts and Islamic translations of original Greek texts to Latin
  • Examples of centers for translation
    • Toledo in Spain
    • Sicily
  • Examples of translators
    • Gerard of Cremona (ca. 1150-1190) in Spain
    • William Moerbeke (ca. 1270) in Corinth